The LED in a holiday light, also called a light-emittin […]
The LED in a holiday light, also called a light-emitting diode, is a solid-state semiconductor device that can convert electrical energy into visible light. It can directly convert electricity into light. The heart of the LED is a semiconductor wafer. One end of the wafer is attached to a bracket, one end is the negative electrode, and the other end is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, so that the entire chip is encapsulated by epoxy resin.
A semiconductor wafer consists of two parts, one is a P-type semiconductor, where holes dominate, and the other end is an N-type semiconductor, where electrons are mainly. But when these two semiconductors are connected, a P-N junction is formed between them. When a current is applied to the chip through a wire, the electrons are pushed to the P region, where the electrons and holes recombine, and then the energy is emitted in the form of photons. This is the principle of LED light emission. The wavelength of light, which is the color of light, is determined by the material that forms the P-N junction.
In terms of led materials, copper and aluminum are used for a long time. However, aluminum is relatively cheap, so aluminum is basically used in the market. The new type of heat dissipation is the fin type (fin type), which is three times higher than the traditional heat dissipation efficiency. Times, there are ceramics, high thermal conductivity plastics, the price is not much different. Aluminum has good heat dissipation and high cost performance. Steel is economically used in many styles, requires full water maintenance, and has strict water quality requirements. Copper-aluminum composite has good heat dissipation, almost no requirements for water quality, and high cost.
At present, the common LED Christmas lights use a special condenser cup, and the LED light emitting diode is installed in a fully transparent condenser cup. The central part of the condenser cup is a convex lens. The light beams emitted by the LED tube located at the focal point of the convex lens are focused into parallel beams. The outside and inside sides of the condenser cup are designed to have a certain angle. When the light reaches the outside side, the incident angle of the light on the outside side will be greater than the critical incident angle of the material used to make the condenser cup, so it is impossible to refract again. The total reflection is emitted from the front. After reasonable design, the emitted light will become parallel light parallel to the optical axis of the light.
The LED of the led Christmas light has a strong light directivity, high luminous flux utilization rate, and small size, which is easy to control the appearance design and light intensity distribution of the led light. Led can use DC low voltage power supply, safe and reliable. The led is not limited by the startup temperature and can be started transiently. Generally, it is several MS, and it can reach the full luminous flux output transiently.
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